Apparatus for refining oils



(No Model.)

J. THOMAS.

APPARATUS REFINING OILS.

Patented Mar. 24, 1885.

INVENTOR N4 PETERS PhuwLnlmgmpner. wnshngwn. n. C

' ATTORNEY Unirse dramas Parana? Ormes.,

JOSHUA THOMAS, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

APPARATUS FOR RAEFINING OILS.

L'JIFECIFICATION fonning part of Letters Patent No. SIAALQO, date March 24a, 1885.

Application filed August 29, 1853. (No model.)

To all wwm/ t 71mg/ concern:

Be it known that I, JosHUA Tr-Ioims, of Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Apparatus in the Art of Refining Petroleum, of which the following is a specifi cation.

This invention relates to apparatus for the distillation of petroleum; and it consists, first, in a stationary oil-still surrounded by a hollow steam-j acket, in combination with a steamheating coil in the lower part of said still, but discharging externally thereto, substantially as hereinafter set forth; second, in a stationary oil-still surrounded by a hollow steamjacket, in combination with a steam-heating coil in the lower part of said still, but discharging externally thereto, said still being closely incased .in masonry, substantiallyfas hereinafter' set forth third, iu the combination of a steam- 2 i jaeketed still, an internal heatingcoil, an independent steamjet pipe, and means for su pplying superheated steam, substantially as hereinafter set forth; fourth, in the combination of astealn-jacketed still, an internal heating-coil, an independent steam-jet pipe, and means for supplying superheated steam, the whole being inclosed in brick-work, substair tially as hereinafter set forth; fth, in the combination of a steam-jaeketed still, an internal heating-coil, an independent steam-jet pipe, and means for supplying superheated steam, the whole being incloscd in briek-work, and connected with a furnace, substantially as hereinafter set forth.

Figure l is a longitudinal section of an apparatus specially designed for my purpose, showing a j acketed still inclosed in masonry, and provided with a series of pipes arranged in the interior, leading from a superheater, whereby heat is applied externally and internally uniformly throughout the mass for accomplishing my results. Fig. 2 is a cross-section of the saine.

Ais a cylindrical vessel inclosed in an outer cylinder, B, leaving sufficient space between. They are firmly joined together by stay-bolts or rivets b, and are supported in and by masonry. Beneath the still a chamber, O, is provided in the masonry, leading to a chimney, O, at the rear end. In front of said still is provided a superheater, consisting of a metal vessel or chamber, D, set in masonry, having of combustion into the chamber C under the aforesaid still. Steam is to be conveyed into this superheater from a boiler, and conveyed thence through a pipe,E, into the coils of pipe F inthe lower part of the still, thence passing into jacketed space at c, completelysurrounding the inner cylinder. An escape for the surplus steam is provided at f.

To the pipeEis provided a branch pipe, G, leading into and through the small dome M, thence down-and along the bottom of the still in two branches, N N, which are perforated along their two opposite sides, as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 2, the purpose of which will be hereinafter described. From the dome M pipes m m are provided for conveying the vapor to eondensers. A draw-off pipe and cock, I), is also provided for removing the residue, and a pipe, Q, for drawing off the condensed steam from the space in the jacket surrounding the still.

The working of this apparatus is as follows: rlhe crude petroleuirl is put into the still through the dome by removing the cap therefrom. The still is lille-d about three-fourths full, leaving sufficient space for expansion. Then the hot steam is turned in, which soon completely fills the pipe-coils and the space in the jacket surrounding the still. By this means the entire mass is quickly and thoroughly heated throughout, and, further, to enhance the evaporation, steam is permitted to enter the branch pipe G, and conducted into the two branch pipes N N, which, being perforated, allow the steam to escape into the mass within the still. rIhis produces an agitation of the petroleum, and assists in keep ing up the heat. The vapor from this still when condensed produces the most perfect burning-oil with a fire-test of 5000, and the residue consisting of the very finest lubricating qualities.

I am aware that steain-jacketed oil-stills have been used; that in other stills steam or air jets have been used for the purpose of preventing the oil from burning to the bottom; but I am not aware that a still has been provided with a steam-jacket, with a steam-heating coil, and with an independent steam-jet pipe, the arrangement being as set forth,

IOO

whereby the still is heated externally with superheated steam, while the oil within it is also heated by superheated steam, and jets of steam to stir the oil7 and discharged near the bottom ofthe still by means of a separate pipe.

I am also aware that an oil-still has been described and illustrated in aBritish patent having a steam-coil within it and a steam-jacket about the lower half of it, the lower half of the still being incased in masonry. This construction I do not claim, having found by practical experience that it is essential to incase the entire still in a steam-jacket, as well as to make use of a steam-coil within it, in order to secure the distribution of the heat vthrough all parts'of the oil Without burning still, but discharging externally thereto, said still being closely incas'ed in masonry, substan- 25 tially as set forth.

2. rlhe combination of asteam-j acketed still, an internal heating-coil, an independent steamjet pipe, and means forsupplying snperheated steam, substantial] y as set forth.

3. The combination ofasteam-jacketed still, an internal heating-coil, an independent steamjet pipe, and means for supplying superheated steam, the whole being inclosed in brick-work, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination of a steam-jacl eted still,

an internal heating-coil, an independentsteamjet pipe, and means for supplying superheated steam, the whole being inclosed in brick-Work, and connected with a furnace, substantially as 4o set forth.

JOSHUA THOMAS.

Vitnesses:

GEO. W. TrBBIT'rs, E. W. LAIRD. 

